45 Indians make it to Forbes' list of achievers under 30 years | Latest News and Updates at Daily News and Analysis
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Forty five Indians and Indian-origin people have made it to Forbes' annual list of achievers under the age of 30 who are "Changing the rules of the game or creating entirely new playbooks" across varied fields. The Forbes fifth annual '30 Under 30' list features 600 women and men, who are US' "Most important young entrepreneurs, creative leaders and brightest stars" and are "Changing the world" across 20 varied sectors such as consumer technology, education, media, manufacturing and industry, law and policy, social entrepreneurs, science and art and science. "In the past, youth was a handicap to professional success. Getting older meant more resources, more knowledge, more money. No more. Those who grew up in the tech age have way bigger ambitions perfectly suited to the dynamic, entrepreneurial and impatient digital world they grew up in." "If you want to change the world, being under 30 is now an advantage," Forbes said. Also read: Here are the top 5 countries for business in Forbes list. Also read: India ranks 97th on Forbes' best countries for business list.
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133 reasons to oppose Narendra Modi and the NDA government.
By @aaacommie (previously stevia_potatohead) on Instagram | @stalynn07 on Twitter. Firstly, the Modi Government is an embarrassment on its own. https://m.thewire.in/article/external/narendra-modi-delhi-riots-global/amp?__twitter_impression=true Now let's get into the reasons why everyone should oppose this party of genocidal maniacs. Major trigger warning for many of these. (r@pe, mrder, sic*de, graphic content)
Playboy going public: Porn, Gambling, and Cannabis
NEW INFO 5 Results from share redemption are posted. Less than .2% redeemed. Very bullish as investors are showing extreme confidence in the future of PLBY. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/playboy-mountain-crest-acquisition-corp-120000721.html NEW INFO 4 Definitive Agreement to purchase 100% of Lovers brand stores announced 2/1. https://www.streetinsider.com/Corporate+News/Playboy+%28MCAC%29+Confirms+Deal+to+Acquire+Lovers/17892359.html NEW INFO 3 I bought more on the dip today. 5081 total. Price rose AH to $12.38 (2.15%) NEW INFO 2 Here is the full webinar. https://icrinc.zoom.us/rec/play/9GWKdmOYumjWfZuufW3QXpe_FW_g--qeNbg6PnTjTMbnNTgLmCbWjeRFpQga1iPc-elpGap8dnDv8Zww.yD7DjUwuPmapeEdP?continueMode=true&tk=lEYc4F_FkKlgsmCIs6w0gtGHT2kbgVGbUju3cIRBSjk.DQIAAAAV8NK49xZWdldRM2xNSFNQcTBmcE00UzM3bXh3AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA&uuid=WN_GKWqbHkeSyuWetJmLFkj4g&_x_zm_rtaid=kR45-uuqRE-L65AxLjpbQw.1611967079119.2c054e3d3f8d8e63339273d9175939ed&_x_zm_rhtaid=866 NEW INFO 1 Live merger webinar with PLBY and MCAC on Friday January 29, 2021 at 12:00 NOON EST link below https://mcacquisition.com/investor-relations/press-release-details/2021/Playboy-Enterprises-Inc.-and-Mountain-Crest-Acquisition-Corp-Participate-in-SPACInsider-ICR-Webinar-on-January-29th-at-12pm-ET/default.aspx Playboy going public: Porn, Gambling, and Cannabis !!!WARNING READING AHEAD!!! TL;DR at the end. It will take some time to sort through all the links and read/watch everything, but you should. In the next couple weeks, Mountain Crest Acquisition Corp is taking Playboy public. The existing ticker MCAC will become PLBY. Special purpose acquisition companies have taken private companies public in recent months with great success. I believe this will be no exception. Notably, Playboy is profitable and has skyrocketing revenue going into a transformational growth phase. Porn - First and foremost, let's talk about porn. I know what you guys are thinking. “Porno mags are dead. Why would I want to invest in something like that? I can get porn for free online.” Guess what? You are absolutely right. And that’s exactly why Playboy doesn’t do that anymore. That’s right, they eliminated their print division. And yet they somehow STILL make money from porn that people (see: boomers) pay for on their website through PlayboyTV, Playboy Plus, and iPlayboy. Here’s the thing: Playboy has international, multi-generational name recognition from porn. They have content available in 180 countries. It will be the only publicly traded adult entertainment (porn) company. But that is not where this company is going. It will help support them along the way. You can see every Playboy magazine through iPlayboy if you’re interested. NSFW links below: https://www.playboy.com/ https://www.playboytv.com/ https://www.playboyplus.com/ https://www.iplayboy.com/ Gambling - Some of you might recognize the Playboy brand from gambling trips to places like Las Vegas, Atlantic City, Cancun, London or Macau. They’ve been in the gambling biz for decades through their casinos, clubs, and licensed gaming products. They see the writing on the wall. COVID is accelerating the transition to digital, application based GAMBLING. That’s right. What we are doing on Robinhood with risky options is gambling, and the only reason regulators might give a shit anymore is because we are making too much money. There may be some restrictions put in place, but gambling from your phone on your couch is not going anywhere. More and more states are allowing things like Draftkings, poker, state ‘lottery” apps, hell - even political betting. Michigan and Virginia just ok’d gambling apps. They won’t be the last. This is all from your couch and any 18 year old with a cracked iphone can access it. Wouldn’t it be cool if Playboy was going to do something like that? They’re already working on it. As per CEO Ben Kohn who we will get to later, “...the company’s casino-style digital gaming products with Scientific Games and Microgaming continue to see significant global growth.” Honestly, I stopped researching Scientific Games' sports betting segment when I saw the word ‘omni-channel’. That told me all I needed to know about it’s success. “Our SG Sports™ platform is an enhanced, omni-channel solution for online, self-service and retail fixed odds sports betting – from soccer to tennis, basketball, football, baseball, hockey, motor sports, racing and more.” https://www.scientificgames.com/ https://www.microgaming.co.uk/ “This latter segment has become increasingly enticing for Playboy, and it said last week that it is considering new tie-ups that could include gaming operators like PointsBet and 888Holdings.” https://calvinayre.com/2020/10/05/business/playboys-gaming-ops-could-get-a-boost-from-spac-purchase/ As per their SEC filing: “Significant consumer engagement and spend with Playboy-branded gaming properties around the world, including with leading partners such as Microgaming, Scientific Games, and Caesar’s Entertainment, steers our investment in digital gaming, sports betting and other digital offerings to further support our commercial strategy to expand consumer spend with minimal marginal cost, and gain consumer data to inform go-to-market plans across categories.” https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgadata/1803914/000110465921005986/tm2034213-12_defm14a.htm#tMDAA1 They are expanding into more areas of gaming/gambling, working with international players in the digital gaming/gambling arena, and a Playboy sportsbook is on the horizon. https://www.playboy.com/read/the-pleasure-of-playing-with-yourself-mobile-gaming-in-the-covid-era Cannabis - If you’ve ever read through a Playboy magazine, you know they’ve had a positive relationship with cannabis for many years. As of September 2020, Playboy has made a major shift into the cannabis space. Too good to be true you say? Check their website. Playboy currently sells a range of CBD products. This is a good sign. Federal hemp products, which these most likely are, can be mailed across state lines and most importantly for a company like Playboy, can operate through a traditional banking institution. CBD products are usually the first step towards the cannabis space for large companies. Playboy didn’t make these products themselves meaning they are working with a processor in the cannabis industry. Another good sign for future expansion. What else do they have for sale? Pipes, grinders, ashtrays, rolling trays, joint holders. Hmm. Ok. So it looks like they want to sell some shit. They probably don’t have an active interest in cannabis right? Think again: https://www.forbes.com/sites/javierhasse/2020/09/24/playboy-gets-serious-about-cannabis-law-reform-advocacy-with-new-partnership-grants/?sh=62f044a65cea “Taking yet another step into the cannabis space, Playboy will be announcing later on Thursday (September, 2020) that it is launching a cannabis law reform and advocacy campaign in partnership with National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML), Last Prisoner Project, Marijuana Policy Project, the Veterans Cannabis Project, and the Eaze Momentum Program.” “According to information procured exclusively, the three-pronged campaign will focus on calling for federal legalization. The program also includes the creation of a mentorship plan, through which the Playboy Foundation will support entrepreneurs from groups that are underrepresented in the industry.” Remember that CEO Kohn from earlier? He wrote this recently: https://medium.com/naked-open-letters-from-playboy/congress-must-pass-the-more-act-c867c35239ae Seems like he really wants weed to be legal? Hmm wonder why? The writing's on the wall my friends. Playboy wants into the cannabis industry, they are making steps towards this end, and we have favorable conditions for legislative progress. Don’t think branding your own cannabis line is profitable or worthwhile? Tell me why these 41 celebrity millionaires and billionaires are dummies. I’ll wait. https://www.celebstoner.com/news/celebstoner-news/2019/07/12/top-celebrity-cannabis-brands/ Confirmation: I hear you. “This all seems pretty speculative. It would be wildly profitable if they pull this shift off. But how do we really know?” Watch this whole video: https://finance.yahoo.com/video/playboy-ceo-telling-story-female-154907068.html Man - this interview just gets my juices flowing. And highlights one of my favorite reasons for this play. They have so many different business avenues from which a catalyst could appear. I think paying attention, holding shares, and options on these staggered announcements over the next year is the way I am going to go about it. "There's definitely been a shift to direct-to-consumer," he (Kohn) said. "About 50 percent of our revenue today is direct-to-consumer, and that will continue to grow going forward.” “Kohn touted Playboy's portfolio of both digital and consumer products, with casino-style gaming, in particular, serving a crucial role under the company's new business model. Playboy also has its sights on the emerging cannabis market, from CBD products to marijuana products geared toward sexual health and pleasure.” "If THC does become legal in the United States, we have developed certain strains to enhance your sex life that we will launch," Kohn said. https://cheddar.com/media/playboy-goes-public-health-gaming-lifestyle-focus Oh? The CEO actually said it? Ok then. “We have developed certain strains…” They’re already working with growers on strains and genetics? Ok. There are several legal cannabis markets for those products right now, international and stateside. I expect Playboy licensed hemp and THC pre-rolls by EOY. Something like this: https://www.etsy.com/listing/842996758/10-playboy-pre-roll-tubes-limited?ga_order=most_relevant&ga_search_type=all&ga_view_type=gallery&ga_search_query=pre+roll+playboy&ref=sr_gallery-1-2&organic_search_click=1 Maintaining cannabis operations can be costly and a regulatory headache. Playboy’s licensing strategy allows them to pick successful, established partners and sidestep traditional barriers to entry. You know what I like about these new markets? They’re expanding. Worldwide. And they are going to be a bigger deal than they already are with or without Playboy. Who thinks weed and gambling are going away? Too many people like that stuff. These are easy markets. And Playboy is early enough to carve out their spot in each. Fuck it, read this too: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jimosman/2020/10/20/playboy-could-be-the-king-of-spacs-here-are-three-picks/?sh=2e13dcaa3e05 Numbers: You want numbers? I got numbers. As per the company’s most recent SEC filing: “For the year ended December 31, 2019, and the nine months ended September 30, 2020, Playboy’s historical consolidated revenue was $78.1 million and $101.3 million, respectively, historical consolidated net income (loss) was $(23.6) million and $(4.8) million, respectively, and Adjusted EBITDA was $13.1 million and $21.8 million, respectively.” “In the nine months ended September 30, 2020, Playboy’s Licensing segment contributed $44.2 million in revenue and $31.1 million in net income.” “In the ninth months ended September 30, 2020, Playboy’s Direct-to-Consumer segment contributed $40.2 million in revenue and net income of $0.1 million.” “In the nine months ended September 30, 2020, Playboy’s Digital Subscriptions and Content segment contributed $15.4 million in revenue and net income of $7.4 million.” They are profitable across all three of their current business segments. “Playboy’s return to the public markets presents a transformed, streamlined and high-growth business. The Company has over $400 million in cash flows contracted through 2029, sexual wellness products available for sale online and in over 10,000 major retail stores in the US, and a growing variety of clothing and branded lifestyle and digital gaming products.” https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgadata/1803914/000110465921005986/tm2034213-12_defm14a.htm#tSHCF Growth: Playboy has massive growth in China and massive growth potential in India. “In China, where Playboy has spent more than 25 years building its business, our licensees have an enormous footprint of nearly 2,500 brick and mortar stores and 1,000 ecommerce stores selling high quality, Playboy-branded men’s casual wear, shoes/footwear, sleepwear, swimwear, formal suits, leather & non-leather goods, sweaters, active wear, and accessories. We have achieved significant growth in China licensing revenues over the past several years in partnership with strong licensees and high-quality manufacturers, and we are planning for increased growth through updates to our men’s fashion lines and expansion into adjacent categories in men’s skincare and grooming, sexual wellness, and women’s fashion, a category where recent launches have been well received.” The men’s market in China is about the same size as the entire population of the United States and European Union combined. Playboy is a leading brand in this market. They are expanding into the women’s market too. Did you know CBD toothpaste is huge in China? China loves CBD products and has hemp fields that dwarf those in the US. If Playboy expands their CBD line China it will be huge. Did you know the gambling money in Macau absolutely puts Las Vegas to shame? Technically, it's illegal on the mainland, but in reality, there is a lot of gambling going on in China. https://www.forbes.com/sites/javierhasse/2020/10/19/magic-johnson-and-uncle-buds-cbd-brand-enter-china-via-tmall-partnership/?sh=271776ca411e “In India, Playboy today has a presence through select apparel licensees and hospitality establishments. Consumer research suggests significant growth opportunities in the territory with Playboy’s brand and categories of focus.” “Playboy Enterprises has announced the expansion of its global consumer products business into India as part of a partnership with Jay Jay Iconic Brands, a leading fashion and lifestyle Company in India.” “The Indian market today is dominated by consumers under the age of 35, who represent more than 65 percent of the country’s total population and are driving India’s significant online shopping growth. The Playboy brand’s core values of playfulness and exploration resonate strongly with the expressed desires of today’s younger millennial consumers. For us, Playboy was the perfect fit.” “The Playboy international portfolio has been flourishing for more than 25 years in several South Asian markets such as China and Japan. In particular, it has strategically targeted the millennial and gen-Z audiences across categories such as apparel, footwear, home textiles, eyewear and watches.” https://www.licenseglobal.com/industry-news/playboy-expands-global-footprint-india It looks like they gave COVID the heisman in terms of net damage sustained: “Although Playboy has not suffered any material adverse consequences to date from the COVID-19 pandemic, the business has been impacted both negatively and positively. The remote working and stay-at-home orders resulted in the closure of the London Playboy Club and retail stores of Playboy’s licensees, decreasing licensing revenues in the second quarter, as well as causing supply chain disruption and less efficient product development thereby slowing the launch of new products. However, these negative impacts were offset by an increase in Yandy’s direct-to-consumer sales, which have benefited in part from overall increases in online retail sales so far during the pandemic.” Looks like the positives are long term (Yandy acquisition) and the negatives are temporary (stay-at-home orders). https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgadata/1803914/000110465921006093/tm213766-1_defa14a.htm This speaks to their ability to maintain a financially solvent company throughout the transition phase to the aforementioned areas. They’d say some fancy shit like “expanded business model to encompass four key revenue streams: Sexual Wellness, Style & Apparel, Gaming & Lifestyle, and Beauty & Grooming.” I hear “we’re just biding our time with these trinkets until those dollar dollar bill y’all markets are fully up and running.” But the truth is these existing revenue streams are profitable, scalable, and rapidly expanding Playboy’s e-commerce segment around the world. "Even in the face of COVID this year, we've been able to grow EBITDA over 100 percent and revenue over 68 percent, and I expect that to accelerate going into 2021," he said. “Playboy is accelerating its growth in company-owned and branded consumer products in attractive and expanding markets in which it has a proven history of brand affinity and consumer spend.” Also in the SEC filing, the Time Frame: “As we detailed in the definitive proxy statement, the SPAC stockholder meeting to vote on the transaction has been set for February 9th, and, subject to stockholder approval and satisfaction of the other closing conditions, we expect to complete the merger and begin trading on NASDAQ under ticker PLBY shortly thereafter,” concluded Kohn. The Players: Suhail “The Whale” Rizvi (HMFIC), Ben “The Bridge” Kohn (CEO), “lil” Suying Liu & “Big” Dong Liu (Young-gun China gang). I encourage you to look these folks up. The real OG here is Suhail Rizvi. He’s from India originally and Chairman of the Board for the new PLBY company. He was an early investor in Twitter, Square, Facebook and others. His firm, Rizvi Traverse, currently invests in Instacart, Pinterest, Snapchat, Playboy, and SpaceX. Maybe you’ve heard of them. “Rizvi, who owns a sprawling three-home compound in Greenwich, Connecticut, and a 1.65-acre estate in Palm Beach, Florida, near Bill Gates and Michael Bloomberg, moved to Iowa Falls when he was five. His father was a professor of psychology at Iowa. Along with his older brother Ashraf, a hedge fund manager, Rizvi graduated from Wharton business school.” “Suhail Rizvi: the 47-year-old 'unsocial' social media baron: When Twitter goes public in the coming weeks (2013), one of the biggest winners will be a 47-year-old financier who guards his secrecy so zealously that he employs a person to take down his Wikipedia entry and scrub his photos from the internet. In IPO, Twitter seeks to be 'anti-FB'” “Prince Alwaleed bin Talal of Saudi Arabia looks like a big Twitter winner. So do the moneyed clients of Jamie Dimon. But as you’ve-got-to-be-joking wealth washed over Twitter on Thursday — a company that didn’t exist eight years ago was worth $31.7 billion after its first day on the stock market — the non-boldface name of the moment is Suhail R. Rizvi. Mr. Rizvi, 47, runs a private investment company that is the largest outside investor in Twitter with a 15.6 percent stake worth $3.8 billion at the end of trading on Thursday (November, 2013). Using a web of connections in the tech industry and in finance, as well as a hearty dose of good timing, he brought many prominent names in at the ground floor, including the Saudi prince and some of JPMorgan’s wealthiest clients.” https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/08/technology/at-twitter-working-behind-the-scenes-toward-a-billion-dollar-payday.html Y’all like that Arab money? How about a dude that can call up Saudi Princes and convince them to spend? Funniest shit about I read about him: “Rizvi was able to buy only $100 million in Facebook shortly before its IPO, thus limiting his returns, according to people with knowledge of the matter.” Poor guy :( He should be fine with the 16 million PLBY shares he's going to have though :) Shuhail also has experience in the entertainment industry. He’s invested in companies like SESAC, ICM, and Summit Entertainment. He’s got Hollywood connections to blast this stuff post-merger. And he’s at least partially responsible for that whole Twilight thing. I’m team Edward btw. I really like what Suhail has done so far. He’s lurked in the shadows while Kohn is consolidating the company, trimming the fat, making Playboy profitable, and aiming the ship at modern growing markets. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-twitter-ipo-rizvi-insight/insight-little-known-hollywood-investor-poised-to-score-with-twitter-ipo-idUSBRE9920VW20131003 Ben “The Bridge” Kohn is an interesting guy. He’s the connection between Rizvi Traverse and Playboy. He’s both CEO of Playboy and was previously Managing Partner at Rizvi Traverse. Ben seems to be the voice of the Playboy-Rizvi partnership, which makes sense with Suhail’s privacy concerns. Kohn said this: “Today is a very big day for all of us at Playboy and for all our partners globally. I stepped into the CEO role at Playboy in 2017 because I saw the biggest opportunity of my career. Playboy is a brand and platform that could not be replicated today. It has massive global reach, with more than $3B of global consumer spend and products sold in over 180 countries. Our mission – to create a culture where all people can pursue pleasure – is rooted in our 67-year history and creates a clear focus for our business and role we play in people’s lives, providing them with the products, services and experiences that create a lifestyle of pleasure. We are taking this step into the public markets because the committed capital will enable us to accelerate our product development and go-to-market strategies and to more rapidly build our direct to consumer capabilities,” said Ben Kohn, CEO of Playboy. “Playboy today is a highly profitable commerce business with a total addressable market projected in the trillions of dollars,” Mr. Kohn continued, “We are actively selling into the Sexual Wellness consumer category, projected to be approximately $400 billion in size by 2024, where our recently launched intimacy products have rolled out to more than 10,000 stores at major US retailers in the United States. Combined with our owned & operated ecommerce Sexual Wellness initiatives, the category will contribute more than 40% of our revenue this year. In our Apparel and Beauty categories, our collaborations with high-end fashion brands including Missguided and PacSun are projected to achieve over $50M in retail sales across the US and UK this year, our leading men’s apparel lines in China expanded to nearly 2500 brick and mortar stores and almost 1000 digital stores, and our new men’s and women’s fragrance line recently launched in Europe. In Gaming, our casino-style digital gaming products with Scientific Games and Microgaming continue to see significant global growth. Our product strategy is informed by years of consumer data as we actively expand from a purely licensing model into owning and operating key high-growth product lines focused on driving profitability and consumer lifetime value. We are thrilled about the future of Playboy. Our foundation has been set to drive further growth and margin, and with the committed capital from this transaction and our more than $180M in NOLs, we will take advantage of the opportunity in front of us, building to our goal of $100M of adjusted EBITDA in 2025.” https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20201001005404/en/Playboy-to-Become-a-Public-Company Also, according to their Form 4s, “Big” Dong Liu and “lil” Suying Liu just loaded up with shares last week. These guys are brothers and seem like the Chinese market connection. They are only 32 & 35 years old. I don’t even know what that means, but it's provocative. https://www.secform4.com/insider-trading/1832415.htm https://finance.yahoo.com/news/mountain-crest-acquisition-corp-ii-002600994.html Y’all like that China money? “Mr. Liu has been the Chief Financial Officer of Dongguan Zhishang Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd., a regional designer, manufacturer and distributor of LED lights serving commercial customers throughout Southern China since November 2016, at which time he led a syndicate of investments into the firm. Mr. Liu has since overseen the financials of Dongguan Zhishang as well as provided strategic guidance to its board of directors, advising on operational efficiency and cash flow performance. From March 2010 to October 2016, Mr. Liu was the Head of Finance at Feidiao Electrical Group Co., Ltd., a leading Chinese manufacturer of electrical outlets headquartered in Shanghai and with businesses in the greater China region as well as Europe.” Dr. Suying Liu, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Mountain Crest Acquisition Corp., commented, “Playboy is a unique and compelling investment opportunity, with one of the world’s largest and most recognized brands, its proven consumer affinity and spend, and its enormous future growth potential in its four product segments and new and existing geographic regions. I am thrilled to be partnering with Ben and his exceptional team to bring his vision to fruition.” https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20201001005404/en/Playboy-to-Become-a-Public-Company These guys are good. They have a proven track record of success across multiple industries. Connections and money run deep with all of these guys. I don’t think they’re in the game to lose. I was going to write a couple more paragraphs about why you should have a look at this but really the best thing you can do is read this SEC filing from a couple days ago. It explains the situation in far better detail. Specifically, look to page 137 and read through their strategy. Also, look at their ownership percentages and compensation plans including the stock options and their prices. The financials look great, revenue is up 90% Q3, and it looks like a bright future. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgadata/1803914/000110465921005986/tm2034213-12_defm14a.htm#tSHCF I’m hesitant to attach this because his position seems short term, but I’m going to with a warning because he does hit on some good points (two are below his link) and he’s got a sizable position in this thing (500k+ on margin, I think). I don’t know this guy but he did look at the same publicly available info and make roughly the same prediction, albeit without the in depth gambling or cannabis mention. You can also search reddit for ‘MCAC’ and very few relevant results come up and none of them even come close to really looking at this thing. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gOvAd6lebs452hFlWWbxVjQ3VMsjGBkbJeXRwDwIJfM/edit?usp=sharing “Also, before you people start making claims that Playboy is a “boomer” company, STOP RIGHT THERE. This is not a good argument. Simply put. The only thing that matters is Playboy’s name recognition, not their archaic business model which doesn’t even exist anymore as they have completely repurposed their business.” “Imagine not buying $MCAC at a 400M valuation lol. Streetwear department is worth 1B alone imo.” Considering the ridiculous Chinese growth as a lifestyle brand, he’s not wrong. Current Cultural Significance and Meme Value: A year ago I wouldn’t have included this section but the events from the last several weeks (even going back to tsla) have proven that a company’s ability to meme and/or gain social network popularity can have an effect. Tik-tok, Snapchat, Twitch, Reddit, Youtube, Facebook, Twitter. They all have Playboy stuff on them. Kids in middle and highschool know what Playboy is but will likely never see or touch one of the magazines in person. They’ll have a Playboy hoodie though. Crazy huh? A lot like GME, PLBY would hugely benefit from meme-value stock interest to drive engagement towards their new business model while also building strategic coffers. This interest may not directly and/or significantly move the stock price but can generate significant interest from larger players who will. Bull Case: The year is 2025. Playboy is now the world leader pleasure brand. They began by offering Playboy licensed gaming products, including gambling products, direct to consumers through existing names. By 2022, demand has skyrocketed and Playboy has designed and released their own gambling platforms. In 2025, they are also a leading cannabis brand in the United States and Canada with proprietary strains and products geared towards sexual wellness. Cannabis was legalized in the US in 2023 when President Biden got glaucoma but had success with cannabis treatment. He personally pushes for cannabis legalization as he steps out of office after his first term. Playboy has also grown their brand in China and India to multi-billion per year markets. The stock goes up from 11ish to 100ish and everyone makes big gains buying somewhere along the way. Bear Case: The United States does a complete 180 on marijuana and gambling. President Biden overdoses on marijuana in the Lincoln bedroom when his FDs go tits up and he loses a ton of money in his sports book app after the Fighting Blue Hens narrowly lose the National Championship to Bama. Playboy is unable to expand their cannabis and gambling brands but still does well with their worldwide lifestyle brand. They gain and lose some interest in China and India but the markets are too large to ignore them completely. The stock goes up from 11ish to 13ish and everyone makes 15-20% gains. TL;DR: Successful technology/e-commerce investment firm took over Playboy to turn it into a porn, online gambling/gaming, sports book, cannabis company, worldwide lifestyle brand that promotes sexual wellness, vetern access, women-ownership, minority-ownership, and “pleasure for all”. Does a successful online team reinventing an antiquated physical copy giant sound familiar? No options yet, shares only for now. $11.38 per share at time of writing. My guess? $20 by the end of February. $50 by EOY. This is not financial advice. I am not qualified to give financial advice. I’m just sayin’ I would personally use a Playboy sports book app while smoking a Playboy strain specific joint and it would be cool if they did that. Do your own research. You’d probably want to start here: WARNING - POTENTIALLY NSFW - SEXY MODELS AHEAD - no actual nudity though https://s26.q4cdn.com/895475556/files/doc_presentations/Playboy-Craig-Hallum-Conference-Investor-Presentation-11_17_20-compressed.pdf Or here: https://www.mcacquisition.com/investor-relations/default.aspx Jimmy Chill: “Get into any SPAC at $10 or $11 and you are going to make money.” STL;DR: Buy MCAC. MCAC > PLBY couple weeks. Rocketship. Moon. Position: 5000 shares. I will buy short, medium, and long-dated calls once available.
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In accordance with the highest standards, in compliance with all applicable laws.
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EU GMP Facility Red Light Holland is starting to build out its potential EU-GMP facility which aims to pioneer and lead EU-GMP in the naturally occurring PSILOCYBIN category with the strictest legal compliance measures.
a proposed plan to seek a EU-GMP certification for its production facility in the Netherlands in order to also produce and supply medical grade, EU-GMP certified premium magic truffles within the Netherlands (in addition to a non-EU-GMP grade of premium magic truffles), in a clean room facility.
This is the beginning of entering into the medicinal side of things.
Red Light Holland ‘s management and advisory members are comprised of a core group of highly skilled individuals with the wealth of combined knowledge and experience (relating to growing, mass-producing, compliance, distributing, marketing and managing, etc.) necessary to help fix Red Light Holland as a leader in this early-stage, emerging field.
Todd Shapiro (CEO)
after being a top rated Radio Show host & a brilliant Marketing Entrepreneur with over 20 years of experience, he has recently moved on from mainstream media to concentrate his efforts on being the CEO of Red Light Holland.
Shapiro also has an incredible history as one of North America's most professional & effective Brand Ambassadors and Influencers having worked with Canopy Growth, Samsung, Canada Goose, Canadian Tire & Boveda Inc.
Russell Peters (CCO)
Russell Peters was recently named as one of Rolling Stone’s 50 Best Comics of All Time. He started doing stand-up at the age of nineteen at open mics in his native Toronto, and spent the next fifteen years honing his craft at clubs across Canada and the UK. In 2004, Peters gained critical and global recognition for his CTV “Comedy Now!” special and soon became the first comedian to sell-out Toronto’s Air Canada Centre in 2007. Peters went on to set attendance records at venues from Madison Square Garden to the Sydney Opera House to London’s O2 Arena – where he broke the UK attendance record for highest number of tickets sold for an individual comedy show.
Peters has been awarded Gemini, Peabody, Emmy and Canadian Screen Awards for his hosting, producing and acting talents. His last TV series, the Indian Detective set a Canadian viewership record for Bell Media /CTV in 2017 and was released globally on Netflix.
Hans Derix (President)
Hans is a certified Substance Abuse therapist (APCB) and member of the Association of Addiction Professionals (NAADAC) with over a decade of experience in the field of addiction treatment. He is the founder and managing director of Sensum, Asia’s first and only addiction treatment provider specialized in round-the-clock, one on one, in-home rehab services.
As a founding member of the New Life Foundation and former, senior member of Asia’s largest rehab center the Cabin, Hans has been instrumental in promoting third wave, mindfulness based therapies to the field of addiction recovery in Asia. Hans recognizes the huge potential of natural remedies, including magic truffles, in treating individuals suffering from mental health disorders such as addiction. He is a strong advocate of further, clinical research and his aim is to achieve such with Red Light Holland.
Hans was born and raised in the south of Holland in an area known for its mushroom production. He is very well connected within the Netherlands psychedelia community.
Bruce Linton (Chair of Advisory Board)
Founder & former Chairman, CEO and Co-CEO of Canopy Growth Corporation (CGC) formerly Tweed Marijuana Incorporated, a cannabis company based in Smiths Falls, Ontario, Canada. Bruce founded Tweed in 2013 and renamed it Canopy Growth Corporation in 2015. Canopy Growth Corporation was the first cannabis company in North America to be listed on a major stock exchange (TSX-V in April 2014 and TSX in July 2016) and to be included on a major stock index (S&P/TSX Composite Index in March 2017). Bruce led CGC from a TSX-V listed start-up company with an $80 million market cap to a NYSE/TSX listed company (S&P/TSX60) including more than 30 M&A activities. Ranking number one on the TSX30 with a market cap of over $20 billion by the summer of 2019.
Bruce’s experience as a founder, CEO, and board member across a diversity of sectors was a huge influence for the success of CGC. Earning market support for capital raises of over $6 billion in public capital markets and private placements, the company funded capacity growth and opened new markets, including a $5 billion CAD investment by Fortune 500 beverage company, Constellation Brands (NYSE:STZ).
Why are a radios show host and comedian starting a psychedelic company? Im sure many are wondering why Todd Shapiro and Russell Peters are important factors and why they are management of a psychedelic focused company. The simple answer is they are marketing geniuses. Both Todd and Russell have built a brand out of themselves and have incredible expertise in marketing. Russell Peters has 4M twitter followers, an absolute massive following. Todd has had an extensive career in the radio show business and has his own SiriusXM show. They are targeting the adult recreational market with a small, legal micro dose kit. Marketing this kit will be essential to their success as it needs to be appealing and gain traction within the public audience. Having outside-the-box thinking heads working together to create a uniquely special niche product will prove to be a game changer. "Red Light Holland’s goal is to, over time, help make the relatively unknown ‘magic truffle’ a familiar name across the world. We are currently setting up to grow, distribute and market a premium brand of magic truffles to the legal, recreational market within the Netherlands, and we can't wait to shift the existing paradigm to direct further attention to the legal and responsible use of magic truffles.“ -Todd Shapiro CEO, Red Light Holland Red Light Holland Verticals and Products
Red Light Holland intends to, in the future, establish Scarlette Lillie Science and Innovation, a business segment to supplement its core business. Scarlette Lillie Science and Innovation's goal will be to supply the medical market, with naturally occurring, nonsynthetic psilocybin as current research shows clinical trials are using a synthetic pro-drug compound. Red Light Holland hopes to explore the entourage effect of whole fungi medicine and to establish itself as a pioneering company with the capability to grow medical grade truffles which will potentially help discover more about the entire psilocybin Truffle.
Red Light Holland has developed iMicrodose, a non-synthetic premium truffle microdosing kit to promote responsible use. Microdosing involves taking a much smaller dose on a scheduled routine, compared to that of a recreational dose. The magic truffles are sold in their natural, raw and unprocessed form, and need to be refrigerated prior to use. the iMicrodose kits are currently only available for purchase in the Netherlands.
Red Light Holland has released a line of custom merchandise for supporters and fans to enjoy globally. Merch includes Red Light Holland branded; Toques, fitted hats, trucker hats and baseball jerseys. Most merch items are printed with the company logo, name and ticker symbol ($TRIP) and will be available fo purchase through the company website .
Why is merch important? INSTANT REVENUE. Selling something as simple as merch is an easy stream of income for a company looking to expand. This is something unique about Red Light Holland that almost all other psychedelic comapanies have not done yet.
Financials
Total Common Shares Outstanding (Fully Diluted): 289,923,964
Float: 192.09M
Market Capitalization: $92.37M
Share Price: $0.41
Future Growth The legal psilocybin market is expected to reach$7 billion by 2027. I personally think this is a rather conservative estimate and as we advance in research, we will begin to see the full potential psychedelics could provide to the medical field (PTSD, addiction disorders, anxiety, eating disorders, depression, ADD/ADHD, migraines, etc.) Microdosing is a popular trend and is continuing to gain traction.
Risks The fate of this company lies in the hands of governments around the world to create a legal, recreational marketplace for adult psychedelic use. Although this subject is gaining traction everyday, it will take time and science to prove the worthiness. Luckily, Netherlands recreational truffle market is already legal and operating currently. I have not been able to find the balance sheet and do not know current debt, revenue, or cash-on-hand numbers. As soon as i find that information I plan to add it in an edit. Recent News
Conclusion With Red Light Holland beginning operations in an already legal market, this gives them the ability to establish their brand before going global since their isn't a global market, YET... and Unlike most psychedelic stocks, Red Light Holland does not have to burn cash like crazy up front to fund pre-clinical/clinical trials to acquire the data needed for FDA Approval. Their capital goes directly into marketing their iMicrodose Kit, expanding production capabilities, and potential M&A possibilities. The unique approach this company is taking, along with the strategic assembly of the management and advisory board is why I plan to hold a small position long term 5-10% of my portfolio. My position: 2250 shares @ $0.37 This is not financial advice. Penny stocks are extremely volatile and risky. Only risk what you are willing to lose! Please do not use this DD as conviction, do your own research!
Red Light Holland engages in the production, cultivation, and sale of magic truffles to the legalrecreationalmarket in the Netherlands. It sells its products under the iMicrodose brand name through smart shops operators and an advanced e-commerce platform, iMicrodose.nl
In accordance with the highest standards, in compliance with all applicable laws.
Red Light Holland is strategically based in the Netherlands, an area with a long-standing, established legal magic truffles market.
What sets Red Light Holland apart from competition?
Unique approach of recreational market first, medicinal after. The medicinal route requires large amounts of capital and time to acquire the data needed for an FDA approval. Red Light Holland plans to be IN STORES and is currently generating revenue with their iMicrodose product online and in smart shops in Netherlands.
EU GMP Facility Red Light Holland is starting to build out its potential EU-GMP facility which aims to pioneer and lead EU-GMP in the naturally occurring PSILOCYBIN category with the strictest legal compliance measures.
a proposed plan to seek a EU-GMP certification for its production facility in the Netherlands in order to also produce and supply medical grade, EU-GMP certified premium magic truffles within the Netherlands (in addition to a non-EU-GMP grade of premium magic truffles), in a clean room facility.
This is the beginning of entering into the medicinal side of things.
Red Light Holland ‘s management and advisory members are comprised of a core group of highly skilled individuals with the wealth of combined knowledge and experience (relating to growing, mass-producing, compliance, distributing, marketing and managing, etc.) necessary to help fix Red Light Holland as a leader in this early-stage, emerging field.
Todd Shapiro (CEO)
after being a top rated Radio Show host & a brilliant Marketing Entrepreneur with over 20 years of experience, he has recently moved on from mainstream media to concentrate his efforts on being the CEO of Red Light Holland.
Shapiro also has an incredible history as one of North America's most professional & effective Brand Ambassadors and Influencers having worked with Canopy Growth, Samsung, Canada Goose, Canadian Tire & Boveda Inc.
Russell Peters (CCO)
Russell Peters was recently named as one of Rolling Stone’s 50 Best Comics of All Time. He started doing stand-up at the age of nineteen at open mics in his native Toronto, and spent the next fifteen years honing his craft at clubs across Canada and the UK. In 2004, Peters gained critical and global recognition for his CTV “Comedy Now!” special and soon became the first comedian to sell-out Toronto’s Air Canada Centre in 2007. Peters went on to set attendance records at venues from Madison Square Garden to the Sydney Opera House to London’s O2 Arena – where he broke the UK attendance record for highest number of tickets sold for an individual comedy show.
Peters has been awarded Gemini, Peabody, Emmy and Canadian Screen Awards for his hosting, producing and acting talents. His last TV series, the Indian Detective set a Canadian viewership record for Bell Media /CTV in 2017 and was released globally on Netflix.
Hans Derix (President)
Hans is a certified Substance Abuse therapist (APCB) and member of the Association of Addiction Professionals (NAADAC) with over a decade of experience in the field of addiction treatment. He is the founder and managing director of Sensum, Asia’s first and only addiction treatment provider specialized in round-the-clock, one on one, in-home rehab services.
As a founding member of the New Life Foundation and former, senior member of Asia’s largest rehab center the Cabin, Hans has been instrumental in promoting third wave, mindfulness based therapies to the field of addiction recovery in Asia. Hans recognizes the huge potential of natural remedies, including magic truffles, in treating individuals suffering from mental health disorders such as addiction. He is a strong advocate of further, clinical research and his aim is to achieve such with Red Light Holland.
Hans was born and raised in the south of Holland in an area known for its mushroom production. He is very well connected within the Netherlands psychedelia community.
Bruce Linton (Chair of Advisory Board)
Founder & former Chairman, CEO and Co-CEO of Canopy Growth Corporation (CGC) formerly Tweed Marijuana Incorporated, a cannabis company based in Smiths Falls, Ontario, Canada. Bruce founded Tweed in 2013 and renamed it Canopy Growth Corporation in 2015. Canopy Growth Corporation was the first cannabis company in North America to be listed on a major stock exchange (TSX-V in April 2014 and TSX in July 2016) and to be included on a major stock index (S&P/TSX Composite Index in March 2017). Bruce led CGC from a TSX-V listed start-up company with an $80 million market cap to a NYSE/TSX listed company (S&P/TSX60) including more than 30 M&A activities. Ranking number one on the TSX30 with a market cap of over $20 billion by the summer of 2019.
Bruce’s experience as a founder, CEO, and board member across a diversity of sectors was a huge influence for the success of CGC. Earning market support for capital raises of over $6 billion in public capital markets and private placements, the company funded capacity growth and opened new markets, including a $5 billion CAD investment by Fortune 500 beverage company, Constellation Brands (NYSE:STZ).
Why are a radios show host and comedian starting a psychedelic company? Im sure many are wondering why Todd Shapiro and Russell Peters are important factors and why they are management of a psychedelic focused company. The simple answer is they are marketing geniuses. Both Todd and Russell have built a brand out of themselves and have incredible expertise in marketing. Russell Peters has 4M twitter followers, an absolute massive following. Todd has had an extensive career in the radio show business and has his own SiriusXM show. They are targeting the adult recreational market with a small, legal micro dose kit. Marketing this kit will be essential to their success as it needs to be appealing and gain traction within the public audience. Having outside-the-box thinking heads working together to create a uniquely special niche product will prove to be a game changer. "Red Light Holland’s goal is to, over time, help make the relatively unknown ‘magic truffle’ a familiar name across the world. We are currently setting up to grow, distribute and market a premium brand of magic truffles to the legal, recreational market within the Netherlands, and we can't wait to shift the existing paradigm to direct further attention to the legal and responsible use of magic truffles.“ -Todd Shapiro CEO, Red Light Holland Red Light Holland Verticals and Products
Red Light Holland intends to, in the future, establish Scarlette Lillie Science and Innovation, a business segment to supplement its core business. Scarlette Lillie Science and Innovation's goal will be to supply the medical market, with naturally occurring, nonsynthetic psilocybin as current research shows clinical trials are using a synthetic pro-drug compound. Red Light Holland hopes to explore the entourage effect of whole fungi medicine and to establish itself as a pioneering company with the capability to grow medical grade truffles which will potentially help discover more about the entire psilocybin Truffle.
Red Light Holland has developed iMicrodose, a non-synthetic premium truffle microdosing kit to promote responsible use. Microdosing involves taking a much smaller dose on a scheduled routine, compared to that of a recreational dose. #e magic truffles are sold in their natural, raw and unprocessed form, and need to be refrigerated prior to use. the iMicrodose kits are currently only available for purchase in the Netherlands.
Red Light Holland has released a line of custom merchandise for supporters and fans to enjoy globally. Merch includes Red Light Holland branded; Toques, fitted hats, trucker hats and baseball jerseys. Most merch items are printed with the company logo, name and ticker symbol ($TRIP) and will be available fo purchase through the company website .
Why is merch important? INSTANT REVENUE. Selling something as simple as merch is an easy stream of income for a company looking to expand. This is something unique about Red Light Holland that almost all other psychedelic comapanies have not done yet.
Financials
Total Common Shares Outstanding (Fully Diluted): 289,923,964
Float: 192.09M
Market Capitalization: $92.37M
Share Price: $0.41
Future Growth The legal psilocybin market is expected to reach$7 billion by 2027. I personally think this is a rather conservative estimate and as we advance in research, we will begin to see the full potential psychedelics could provide to the medical field (PTSD, addiction disorder, anxiety, eating disorder, depression, etc.) Microdosing is a popular trend and is continuing to gain traction.
Risks The fate of this company lies in the hands of governments around the world to create a legal, recreational marketplace for adult psychedelic use. Although this subject is gaining traction everyday, it will take time and science to prove the worthiness. Luckily, Netherlands recreational truffle market is already legal and operating currently. I have not been able to find the balance sheet and do not know current debt, revenue, or cash-on-hand numbers. As soon as i find that information I plan to add it in an edit. Recent News
Conclusion With Red Light Holland beginning operations in an already legal market, this gives them the ability to establish their brand before going global since their isn't a global market, YET... and Unlike most psychedelic stocks, Red Light Holland does not have to burn cash like crazy up front to fund pre-clinical/clinical trials to acquire the data needed for FDA Approval. Their capital goes directly into marketing their iMicrodose Kit, expanding production capabilities, and potential M&A possibilities. The unique approach this company is taking, along with the strategic assembly of the management and advisory board is why I plan to hold a small position long term 5-10% of my portfolio. My position: 2250 shares @ $0.37 This is not financial advice. Penny stocks are extremely volatile and risky. Only risk what you are willing to lose! Please do not use this DD as conviction, do your own research!
Now WhiteHatJr got my LinkedIn account also banned.
Hello A quick update since the last post.
ASCI didn't respond to any of my tweets. The whole news about ASCI taking down WhiteHatJr was to mellow down resentment against WhiteHatJr and give them a fresh clean slate. Their actions of giving WhiteHatJr an easy escape in case of false advertisement is getting more suspicious. They didn't respond on
Why only 5 ads were objected
What about the rest 100s of false ads
Didn't show the email threads regarding their complaint to WhitehatJr.
Didn't tell if they asked who is Wolf Gupta.
ASCI is not a govt body, as it might sound. It's a self-regulation body run by corporates themselves. So kind of their own front to give themselves clean chit when in trouble.
A 2 min video of mine asking questions from WHJ teacher finally go viral. Thanks to all the people who contributed to our telegram channel. Got a good SM traction. Things were moving strong on LinkedIn. A LOT of people supported the cause, mostly techies who with a good understanding of coding, who knows the harms of pushing kids in such a rat race.
Karan Bajaj does a post last evening (4th Nov 2020) around 6pm-ish and calls us a 'Troll' . He wrote "A troll works hard too but to tear things down to gain fame, followers, and perhaps fortune. Destroying value and lives in the process."
I didn't respond to his BS. Although at once I got very angry I decided to not play by their rules and keep my focus on more solid proofs. Finally, I didn't comment or anything under his post. For many people who did, their comments got deleted.
My LinkedIn account gets banned at midnight, around 6 hours after Karan Bajaj calling me a troll.
Now.
Karan Calling us a troll: Have you ever seen a CEO acting like this? He also said I am doing this for 'fortune'. So the one who is making $300 million for scamming gullible kids is doubting my intentions. Apart from losing 11 kg in 2.5 months and gaining 27k Karma on Reddit, I am not making a dime here. You guys know my intentions. If anyone still doubts, go to my Reddit posts, scroll down, go to the first posts and see I was posting against Crypto scams as well 3 years back.
First, they banned my videos on YT, Quora account, Twitter Id, LinkedIn posts, Panzy Saran tried putting false allegations of harassment on me, and finally, my LinkedIn account goes down. And YET I am a troll and Karan Bajaj is a saint for looting innocent Indian parents.
I tried to not make this public because some of my family and friends are also watching this thing getting unfold, I didn't want them to worry. But it's high time I must talk about the msgs I get in DMs. Ex and current Byjus employees tell me that I must be worried about my physical safety all the time now. A journalist and a good friend told me I am being watched. And even my phone number might be getting tapped. One other journalist told me that I must prepare a dead man switch.
One of WhiteHatJr employee (the ones who makes fake profiles all the time on Twitter and tries to do fake +ve reinforcement under my tweets) crossed all the limits. He dared to abuse my mother. And I know these scums would be lurking around this post as well, so listen carefully, I will find out who you are and will make you apologize.
I am still working on the list I talked about last time. I will try to find out every single post/video/tweet/article that was taken down by them and then try to get every single on them reinstated.
I have updated most of the journalists in my contact about the potential danger to my life, but seems like it's trivial for them. They are waiting for something to happen. Live Mint recently was doing an article on the WhiteHatJr issue and I was working with one of their good journalist Salman. But in the last hours, the article got canned. This has happened with 4 other publications already in the last 30 days.
Now this time it's time for YOU to ACT. You guys do something, write a post on LinkedIn, ask Karan Bajaj why my ID was banned, why his people are falling down to such low levels and abusing my mother, why isn't he answering any single questions. The ENTIRE tech community is on our side, how come we don't have a say in how coding must be taught to kids. On one side there is the experience of lakhs of years of coding and engineering and on the other side there are a bunch of greedy VCs who wants to make a circus out of our entire educations system, putting lakhs of kids into the danger of life long depressions, and lakhs of parents into EMI traps. I have been trying my best on all platforms, from one platform they make me run to another one and then to the third one. It's time to put a stop to this. Even after a couple of good articles from The Ken, Morning Context, Forbes are still daring to call us trolls and putting a ban on us. Let's make an example of this scam so that other 'EdTechs' never forget to stay within ethical limits.
United we stand, divided we fall
Please ACT. Tweet, Write on LinkedIn, Medium, Quora, FB, IG, Reddit whatever. But in the comments, this time, let's talk about your contribution to this cause. Thank you Pradeep Poonia ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EDIT (8th Nov 2020) WhiteHatJr has started attacking me personally and putting false allegations on me. So I have decided to show you this chat with WhiteHatJr sales Director ****** ******, it's a couple of weeks old. I never wanted to put one person under the bus, BUT they were planning to make memes on me, defame me. See this news, how ridiculously they are putting made up 'illegal plotting' charges on me. https://www.adgully.com/pradeep-poonia-found-plotting-to-tarnish-whitehat-jr-s-reputation-98117.html Chat with one of a sale director of WhiteHatJr. He was nagging me for two hours like this.
Isn't this an insane amount of material to cover in one semester?
Hello, Reddit. I was going over my notes for my next history exam. I realized I had written 30 pages of notes between this exam and the last exam (so about a month and a half of information.) Naturally, I thought this was insane. I've never written this many notes for a class before. It was a lot of information to sift through. So, I opted to check the outline my history professor had sent out to us. This outline included all the information we'd be going through this semester. The outline was...shocking, to say the least. Is this not insane? (Needless to say, the outline did not narrow down what sections I should focus my studying efforts on.) OLD WORLD BACKGROUND A. Legacy of Rome B. Feudalism
Origins
Hierarchical ranking
-Hereditary privilege -Means of social control
Church and state
Medieval Landscapes
C. Troubles with Feudalism
Limits to the creation of wealth
Warfare
D. Mongol invasions and a new world view
Mongol Empire
-Background -Clashes with Europe -European contacts with the Mongol empire -A new sense of global awareness
Europe and the riches of the East
-Silk Road -Spice Road
Social changes
-New emphasis on a mercantile class -Increase of wealth -Rising expectations across class lines -Changes in everyday life -Limits of change E. Fall of the Mongol Empire
Black Death
Collapse of Mongol rule
Old kingdoms restored in Asia
Breaks in the trade routes
F. Desperate desires (in Europe) to restore contact DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION I. Limits of the European maritime tradition
Shipping technology
-Longboats -Hulks
Skills of the seamen
-Shallow waters vs. deep waters -Fears of the unknown
Early voyages
-L’Anse aux Meadows II. Iberian Empires
Voyages of exploration
-Portuguese expansion -Christopher Columbus -Portuguese claims to America -Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Spanish settlement and conquest in the Caribbean
-Navidad settlement -Isabela settlement -Further conquests in the Caribbean III. Native America
500 Nations
-Variety of lifestyles
Destruction of native lifestyles
-European mindset -Disease -Smallpox IV. Brushes with the mainland A. Push to the mainland
By 1513, the Spaniards had completed the conquest and occupation of the
four main Caribbean islands (Espanola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and Cuba). B. Ponce de Leon and Florida (1513) C. Balboa and Panama (1513) -Pacific Ocean V. The great conquests
Mexico (1519-1521)
-Hernando Cortez -Empire of the Aztec
Voyage of Ferdinand Magellan
South America (1531-1532)
-Francisco Pizarro VI. The Spanish Borderlands
De Soto Expedition (1539-1542)
Coronado Expedition (1540-1542)
St. Augustine founded (1565)
Guale Missions
VII. Northern explorations
English voyages
-John Cabot (1497)
French voyages
-Giovanni Verrazano (1523) -Jacques Cartier (1534) FOUNDING THE COLONIES A. Influences of Reformation in Europe B. Lost colonies
The Lost Colony at Roanoake (1585-?)
-John White -Virginia Dare -Spanish Armada -“Croatoan”
Other colonies that failed
C. Jamestown
Virginia Company (1606)
Jamestown founded (1607)
Problems of the early colony
-Labor -Starving Time (1609-10) -Captain John Smith
Powhatan Confederacy
-Powhatan -Pocahontas
Tobacco
-John Rolfe
Representative government (1619)
-House of Burgesses
Women in the colony (1619)
Indian War on the Chesapeake (1622/1644)
-Opechancanough D. Pilgrims at Plymouth
Religious dissenters
-Netherlands sojourn
Search for a new home
-Mayflower -Speedwell
American landfall
-Winter difficulties -Mayflower Compact
Plymouth Plantation
Assistance from the natives
-Samoset -Squanto -Legend of the first Thanksgiving EXPANSION OF ENGLISH AMERICA A. Reasons for leaving home
Riches and opportunity
Religious freedom
B. New England Colonies
Puritans
Great Migration
Massachusetts Bay Colony
-John Winthrop -General Court
Connecticut
-Thomas Hooker -Separation from Massachusetts Bay -Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Rhode Island
-Roger Williams -Battle over Toleration -Flight to Rhode Island -Providence Plantations -Anne Hutchinson
Competition for land
-New Hampshire -Native views of ownership -English law -Pequot War (1636-1637) -King Philip’s War (1675-1676) C. Middle colonies
New Netherland
-Manhattan Island -New Netherland and New Amsterdam -Patroons -Peter Stuyvesant
New Netherland becomes New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
-New Sweden -William Penn -The Holy Experiment -Penn’s Woods -City of Philadelphia -Delaware founded D. Southern Colonies
Maryland
-George Calvert, Lord Baltimore -Cecil Calvert -Catholic Refuge
-Charles Town founded -Settlements on Cape Fear -North and South divided (1712)
Georgia
-James Ogelthorpe -Border war with Spanish Florida CHARACTER OF COLONIAL NORTH AMERICA A. Government
Governors and Colonial Assemblies
-Limited participation
Commerce
-Triangular Trade -Navigation Acts
Dominion of New England
-Charter Oak incident B. New England society
Commerce
-Subsistence farming -Shipbuilding -Whaling and fishing
Town life
Home life
Role of religion
-Religion and citizenship in early Puritan colonies -Loss of control -Salem witch-hunts
Role of women
C. Middle Colonies
Cash crops
Manor life in New York
Germans in Pennsylvania
D. Southern Colonies
Cash crops
Plantations
Aristocratic lifestyles
E. Backcountry Lifestyles
Trappers and traders
Ranchers
Western migrations
F. Limits to Interregional cooperation
Great Wagon Road
. -Conestoga Wagon
Overland transport
Coastal trade
G. Education and learning in the colonies H. Great Awakening
Jonathan Edwards
George Whitfield
Influences of the Great Awakening
I. Conflicts in Colonial Society
Social divisions
Men and women
Racial divides
J. Labor
Indentured servants
Slavery in Western Civilization
-Ancient traditions -Iberian slave trading
Irish slave trade
Emergence of African slavery
K. Africans in America
Africans in the Iberian colonies
Indentured Africans at Jamestown
Conditions of servitude
Slave Codes
IMPERIAL AMBITIONS A. Colonial rivalries
Spanish America
French America
Native allies
Beaver Wars
B. Colonial Wars
King Williams War (1689-98)
-Salem Witch Hunts (1692)
Queen Anne’s War (1702-12)
War of Jenkins’ Ear (1739-1744)
King George’s War (1744-48)
C. French and Indian War (Great War for Empire)
Competition for the Ohio Country
-English Land Companies -Loyal Land Company -Ohio Company -Christopher Gist -French strike at Pickiwillany
French Invasion (1753)
-George Washington
Hostilities erupt (1754)
-Ensign Ward at the Forks of the Ohio -French expulsion of English arms -Fort Duquesne -Fort Necessity (July 3-4, 1754)
Disastrous year for the British (1755)
-Plans for the year (1755) -General Edward Braddock -Battle of the Monongahela (July 9, 1755) -William Johnson -Battle of Lake George
Frontier warfare
-Robert Rogers -Louis Joseph, Marquis de Montcalm -Oswego (1756) -Fort William Henry (1757) -Rise of William Pitt
British offensive (1758)
-Shift in strategy -Louisburg -Setback at Ticonderoga -Forbes Campaign
French struggle to survive (1759)
-Niagara -Quebec -Battle on the Plains of Abraham
French collapse (1760)
Treaty of Paris
D. Pontiac’s Rebellion
Causes of discontent
Pontiac
Opening moves
Detroit and Fort Pitt hold out
Restoration of the frontier
-Col. Henry Bouquet -Battle of Bushy Run DRIFT INTO REBELLION A. British Empire in America
Lack of planning for Imperial rule
Influence of Pontiac’s Rebellion
Proclamation of 1763
-Illegal settlements B. Experiments in taxation
Sugar Act (1764)
Stamp Act
Resistance: “No taxation, without representation”
Stamp Act Congress
Townshend Acts
C. Resistance
Effectiveness of Non-Importation
Sons of Liberty
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
D. British reaction
Intolerable Acts
Quebec Act
E. Continental Congress AMERICAN REVOLUTION A. Opening guns (1775)
Lexington and Concord
Ticonderoga
Second Continental Congress
-Creation of the Continental Army -George Washington appointed to command B. Broadening war
Bunker Hill
Siege of Boston
-General Washington takes command
Invasion of Canada
-Rebel hopes for the 14th Colony -Failure at Quebec
Boston redeemed
-British evacuation (March 17, 1776)
Southern battles
-British halted and turned back at Norfolk and Great Bridge, VA. -British invasion turned back at Charleston, S.C. (June 28, 1776) C. Declaration of Independence D. Dark days
Battles for New York
Near disaster on the Northern front
-With Spring, British reinforcements forced the Americans to retreat from Canada -The British pursued closely, and drove down toward upstate lakes toward New York City, threatening to cut the rebellious colonies in two. -The Americans built a small fleet and hoped to slow the advance on Lake Champlain. -Battle of Valcour Island (October 11-13, 1776); the American fleet was shattered, but stopped the British advance. -Benedict Arnold was the commander and hero at these naval battles, and saved the Revolution.
Retreat across New Jersey
Trenton and Princeton
E. Year of the hangman
British plans
-Isolate the northern colonies -Invasion from Canada -General John Burgoyne -Strike across the Middle Colonies -General Robert Howe -Lack of unified command
Saratoga campaign
-American retreats -Siege of Fort Stanwix -Horatio Gates -Benedict Arnold
Philadelphia Campaign
-Battle of Brandywine -Battle of Germantown
Valley Forge
-Failure of American supply -Disease and death -Baron von Steuben F. Help from overseas G. War in the West H. War at sea I. A Revolutionary struggle ?
Loyalists
Blacks
Women
Common Americans
J. Shifts in strategy
Philadelphia abandoned
-Battle of Monmouth (June 28, 1778) K. Southern campaign
Georgia
Battle for Charleston
-Loss of the Southern Army -Massacre at the Waxhaws -Col. Banastre Tarleton
Battle of Camden
-Horatio Gates sent Southward -Resurrects an army -Destroyed in battle L. Struggle to stay the course
Financial difficulties
Poor logistics
Treason of Benedict Arnold
M. Southern victory
Guerilla war erupts
-Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox -Thomas Sumter, the Gamecock -Andrew Pickens
General Nathaniel Greene
-Strategy’
Cowpens
-Daniel Morgan
Yorktown Campaign
N. Last years of the war O. Treaty of Paris CRISIS AND CONSTITUTION A. State governments B. Articles of Confederation
Weaknesses of the confederation
Western Lands
Northwest Ordinance
Shay’s Rebellion
C. Constitutional Convention
Virginia Plan
New Jersey Plan
The Great Compromise
-Three fifths Compromise D. Ratification debates
Anti-federalists
Federalists Papers
E. Bill of Rights FEDERAL REPUBLIC A. Presidency of Washington
Political debates of the Early Republic
-Washington opposes monarchy -Influence of Washington -Washington elected president
-Anthony Wayne -Battle of Tippecanoe -Treaty of Greenville
Jay’s Treaty
B. Presidency of Adams
Influences of the French Revolution
XYZ Affair
Quasi-War with France
Alien and Sedition Acts
Virginia and Kentucky Resolves
JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY A. Election of 1800 Aaron burr Tamany Hall and the “Political Machine” B. Democratic government
Jeffersdon and the courts
-Marbury vs. Madison
Louisiana Purchase
-Haitian revolt -Napoleon abandons America -Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-1805) -Zebulon Pike expedition (1805-1807) C. Foreign threats to American sovereignty
-Benjamin West -Charles Wilson Peale -Hudson River School MANIFEST DESTINY A. Westward expansion
Mountain Men
-Rendezvous -James Beckworth
Oregon Country
-Conflicting land claims -Early settlement -Oregon Trail
Lone Star Republic
-Americans in Texas -Fight for independence (1836) -Alamo and Goliad -Sam Houston -Battle of San Jacinto -Republic of Texas
Southwest
-Santa Fe Traders
California
B. Election of 1844
Influence of Manifest Destiny
Henry Clay
William K. Polk
C. War with Mexico (1846-1848)
Political debates
-Annexation of Texas -Oregon dispute -Statehood for Texas
Skirmishing on the border
-General Zachary Taylor
American strategy
Northern Front
Vera Cruz campaign
-General Winfield Scott
Bear Flag Republic
Conquest of Mexico
Treat of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848)
Gadsden Purchase (1853)
Mexicans and Indians in the ceded lands
D. Mormons move west
Joseph Smith and Mormonism
Early migrations
Deseret and Salt Lake City
Mormon War
E. California Gold Rush
Americans in California
Gold discovered
-John SutteSutter’s Mill -Routes to the gold fields - Forty-niners -San Francisco port of entry CRISIS OF THE UNION A. Western expansion
Missouri Compromise
Wilmot Proviso
Sectionalism
-Popular sovereignty -Free Soilers B. Election of 1848
Martin Van Buren
Zachary Taylor
C. Sectional division
Henry Clay appeals for unity
John C. Calhoun
Daniel Webster
D. Compromise of 1850
California admitted
Western territories
Slave trading ended in Washington D.C.
Fugitive Slave Law
E. Reaction
Neither side happy
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
-Harriet Beecher Stowe F. Election of 1852 Franklin Pierce G. Uncertainty on the frontier
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
-Senator Steven Douglas -Popular Sovreignty
Bleeding Kansas
-Border Ruffians -Separate governments -Lawrence Raid (1856) -John Brown -Pottawatomie Creek Massacre
Violence in the Senate
-Charles Brooks -Preston Sumner H. Dred Scott Decision I. Election of 1856
Republican Party
Fractured politics
-John Charles Fremont -James Buchanan -Abraham Lincoln -Lincoln-Douglas Debates -A House Divided speech J. Raid on Harper’s Ferry (1859) K. Election of 1860
Republican: Abraham Lincoln
Northern Democrat: Stephen Douglas
Southern Democrat: John Breckinridge
Constitutional Union: John Bell
L. Secession
Crittendon Compromise
Charleston Convention
-Secession of South Carolina CIVIL WAR A. Confederate States of America
Southern secession
Creation of the Confederacy
-Montgomery, Alabama
Crisis over Fort Sumter
Goals of each side
Northern war aims
-North needs to reduce Southern opposition -Encourage Southern Unionists -Anaconda Plan -Winfield Scott -Avoid foreign entanglements
Confederacy
-Needs to survive until North tires of war or foreign aid arrives -Hold off northern offensives -Exhaust northern will to fight -Suppress Unionists and forge a common identity -Win foreign recognition and assistance -King Cotton C. War in the East (1861-1862)
Western Virginia
-George B. McClellan
Battle of Bull Run
Raising and Training Armies
Peninsular Campaign
D. War at Sea
Naval strengths of each side
Union blockade
Confederate raiders
Monitor vs. the Merrimac
E. Stalemate in the East (1862) Antietam Campaign F. War in the West (1861-1862)
Kentucky
-Albert Sidney Johnston -Problems of Confederate command
Battle for the river forts
-Gunboats and combined operations -Fort Henry -Fort Donelson -Ulysses s. Grant
New Orleans
Battle of Shiloh
Kentucky Campaign
-Braxton Bragg -Battle of Corinth -Battle of Perrysville G. Emancipation Proclamation (1862)
Changing nature of the war
Total commitment to war
Guerilla War
H. Year of Decision (1863)
Battle of Chancellorsville
Gettysburg campaign
Siege of Vicksburg
I. Americans at War
Soldiering in the Civil War
-Raising the armies -Regulars vs. volunteers -Conditions of service -Civil War battlefields -Weapons -Camp life -Sickness and death -Prisoners of war
Civilians at war
-States Rights -Bread Riots -Draft Riots
Wartime economy
Women and the war
J. South under Siege
Grant assumes command
March to the Sea
-William Tecumseh Sherman
Siege of Richmond-Petersburg
Appomattox Court House
K. Confederate collapse
Flight of the Confederate government
Surrender of Johnston’s Army
Miscellaneous surrenders
End of the war
Grand parade in Washington
RECONSTRUCTION A. Early plans for Reconstruction
Debates over Secession
-State Rights -Misguided commoners and corrupt leaders -Conquered Provinces
Lincoln’s 10 % Plan
-Reconstructed states
Radical Republicans
-Wade-Davis Bill -Freedmen’s Bureau
Lincoln’s Assassination
-Ford’s Theater -Conspiracy -John Wilkes Booth B. Johnson Presidency and Reconstruction
Andrew Johnson
-Common background -Southerner -Opposition to Secession
Johnson as president
Thirteenth Amendment
Southern Reconstruction blocked
-Black Codes -Joint Committee on Reconstruction C. Radical ascendancy
Now WhiteHatJr got my LinkedIn account also BANNED.
Hello A quick update since the last post.
ASCI didn't respond to any of my tweets. The whole news about ASCI taking down WhiteHatJr was to mellow down resentment against WhiteHatJr and give them a fresh clean slate. Their actions of giving WhiteHatJr an easy escape in case of false advertisement is getting more suspicious. They didn't respond on
Why only 5 ads were objected
What about the rest 100s of false ads
Didn't show the email threads regarding their complaint to WhitehatJr.
Didn't tell if they asked who is Wolf Gupta.
ASCI is not a govt body, as it might sound. It's a self-regulation body run by corporates themselves. So kind of their own front to give themselves clean chit when in trouble.
A 2 min video of mine asking questions from WHJ teacher finally go viral. Thanks to all the people who contributed to our telegram channel. Got a good SM traction. Things were moving strong on LinkedIn. A LOT of people supported the cause, mostly techies who with a good understanding of coding, who knows the harms of pushing kids in such a rat race.
Karan Bajaj does a post last evening (4th Nov 2020) around 6pm-ish and calls us a 'Troll' . He wrote "A troll works hard too but to tear things down to gain fame, followers, and perhaps fortune. Destroying value and lives in the process."
I didn't respond to his BS. Although at once I got very angry I decided to not play by their rules and keep my focus on more solid proofs. Finally, I didn't comment or anything under his post. For many people who did, their comments got deleted.
My LinkedIn account gets banned at midnight, around 6 hours after Karan Bajaj calling me a troll.
Now.
Karan Calling us a troll: Have you ever seen a CEO acting like this? He also said I am doing this for 'fortune'. So the one who is making $300 million for scamming gullible kids is doubting my intentions. Apart from losing 11 kg in 2.5 months and gaining 27k Karma on Reddit, I am not making a dime here. You guys know my intentions. If anyone still doubts, go to my Reddit posts, scroll down, go to the first posts and see I was posting against Crypto scams as well 3 years back.
First, they banned my videos on YT, Quora account, Twitter Id, LinkedIn posts, Panzy Saran tried putting false allegations of harassment on me, and finally, my LinkedIn account goes down. And YET I am a troll and Karan Bajaj is a saint for looting innocent Indian parents.
I tried to not make this public because some of my family and friends are also watching this thing getting unfold, I didn't want them to worry. But it's high time I must talk about the msgs I get in DMs. Ex and current Byjus employees tell me that I must be worried about my physical safety all the time now. A journalist and a good friend told me I am being watched. And even my phone number might be getting tapped. One other journalist told me that I must prepare a dead man switch.
One of WhiteHatJr employee (the ones who makes fake profiles all the time on Twitter and tries to do fake +ve reinforcement under my tweets) crossed all the limits. He dared to abuse my mother. And I know these scums would be lurking around this post as well, so listen carefully, I will find out who you are and will make you apologize.
I am still working on the list I talked about last time. I will try to find out every single post/video/tweet/article that was taken down by them and then try to get every single on them reinstated.
I have updated most of the journalists in my contact about the potential danger to my life, but seems like it's trivial for them. They are waiting for something to happen. Live Mint recently was doing an article on the WhiteHatJr issue and I was working with one of their good journalist Salman. But in the last hours, the article got canned. This has happened with 4 other publications already in the last 30 days.
Now this time it's time for YOU to ACT. You guys do something, write a post on LinkedIn, ask Karan Bajaj why my ID was banned, why his people are falling down to such low levels and abusing my mother, why isn't he answering any single questions. The ENTIRE tech community is on our side, how come we don't have a say in how coding must be taught to kids. On one side there is the experience of lakhs of years of coding and engineering and on the other side there are a bunch of greedy VCs who wants to make a circus out of our entire educations system, putting lakhs of kids into the danger of life long depressions, and lakhs of parents into EMI traps. I have been trying my best on all platforms, from one platform they make me run to another one and then to the third one. It's time to put a stop to this. Even after a couple of good articles from The Ken, Morning Context, Forbes are still daring to call us trolls and putting a ban on us. Let's make an example of this scam so that other 'EdTechs' never forget to stay within ethical limits.
United we stand, divided we fall
Please ACT. Tweet, Write on LinkedIn, Medium, Quora, FB, IG, Reddit whatever. But in the comments, this time, let's talk about your contribution to this cause. Thank you Pradeep Poonia
Debunking Criticism on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (The Spoon Fed Research Paper)
First I would like to give credit to "Indus ka Nalka (tarikhdan)" who introduced me to this piece of information. Now lemme copy paste the stuff here with better formating ;))
Contributors:
Zahid Khan
Guo Changgang
Muhammad Afzaal
Riaz Ahmad
Samuel Aron Issack
To cite this article:Zahid Khan , Guo Changgang , Muhammad Afzaal , Riaz Ahmad & Samuel Aron Issack (2020): Debunking Criticism on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, The Chinese Economy, DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2020.1792065 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2020.1792065 Published online: 24 Jul 2020. 1.) Institute of Global Studies, College of Liberal Arts, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; 2.) World History Department, Center for Global Studies, Center for Turkish Studies and Dean of Graduate School at Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; 3.) School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Jia Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; 4.) School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’ian Jiaotong University, Xi’ian, China.
Abstract:
The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a pilot flagship project of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Although this project has been received in a relatively positive manner by actors regionally and worldwide, it has also been subject to serious criticisms in domestic and international publications. These criticisms include the claims that Pakistan might become a colony or province of China, and that Pakistan is faced with a debt-trap as a result of Chinese loans. This article outlines these claims and proceeds to show that neither stands up to close scrutiny. Moreover, the article approach is alienated into two parts; first, looks at how the distinctive criticism propagated by critics whilst secondly, a critical approach is used to debunk all these criticism with the help of respondents’ reactions. Consequently, it may provide few policy recommendations. Keywords: China-Pakistan Economic Corridor; Belt and Road Initiative; criticism; colonization; debt-trap.
Introduction:
With the inception of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor project, an atmosphere of criticism and misinformation has been propagated by several local and international publications which ultimately goals to make CPEC more controversial and representing a negative image of China around the world. Before debunking the imprecise copious criticism, it is a pre-requisite to understand the rationale of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor project that why Pakistan crave for it and agreed with China to lay its foundation? In-fact, this project is blessing for Pakistan’s economic growth. China truly abetted Pakistan to draw world attention toward new Pakistan with a vision of economic development, political stability, and regional peace. Woefully, everyone thought that Pakistan is a safe zone for terrorist networks due to the international political agendas. However, president of China Xi Jinping’s signature on an agreement with Pakistani premier Nawaz Sharif in April 2015 laid a foundation of mega project of CPEC. As a result of this, the world began to view Pakistan as a safe haven for billions of dollars of Chinese investment. It was quoted from the wall street journal that “CPEC–Draws world attention to Pakistan” and all of sudden Pakistan got a new identity (Iqbal, 2018). Structurally, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is a pilot flagship project of BRI plan supplemented with an initial worth of $46 billion which was exceeded to $62 billion later on. This project is based on the core formula of “1þ4” comprising the CPEC project and four portfolios include: Infrastructure investment, Energy, Industrial Cooperation and Gwadar Port (Askari,2015). Certainly, the portfolios of project provide a pave-line to the country’s better infrastructure, transportation system, energy needs and growing dwindle economy of Pakistan (Butt, 2017). Prior to CPEC project, the country has had worn-out more strategically and politically by other major powers and pushed into the war zones because of their strategic ally. They often supported weak governance system of Pakistan, the corrupt political elites and helped them financially without a proper accountability. In the last seventy years history of Pakistan, no major power offered truly Pakistan as an economic allay, nevertheless, pushing Pakistan into the cage of IMF loans with conditional high interest rates which ultimately leading to the debt-trap policies. Likewise,Pakistan suffered a lot and lost more than 30,000 lives in the so-called war on terror, and eventually left isolated regionally and worldwide. Before the inception of CPEC project, the foreign investors were not ready to invest in Pakistan because of inexorable security situations. Meanwhile, the foundation of CPEC project appeared as a blessing for Pakistan’s economic growth which marked a new identity to Pakistan with a vision of economic development, political stability, and regional peace (Iqbal, 2017a). Initially, CPEC project is highly propped-up by Pakistan and considered as a game-changer for Pakistan’s socio-economic development. Nevertheless, it is officially opposed by India due to its conventional adversary with Pakistan, and also frequent strategic skepticism raised by United State (Khan et al., 2018). In doing so, the global and regional competitors of China are endeavoring to make CPEC project more controversial through criticism and propagation of cherry-picked information’s with the help of “redundant sources.” The central idea of the question is more critical and complex, which is alienated further into two key parts; foremost one is that numerous scholars and analysts are arguing that CPEC project will lead Pakistan to the China’s colony, and also compared it with the former British East India (BEIC) Company of subcontinent. The second part addresses the argument of debt-trap that the loans of CPEC project are high interest based, and unable to re-pay for Pakistan in current economic situations. Hence, the diverse parts of key question are measured with the help of critical approach which is not focused on take-out the project but rather prefer to improve it through raising awareness, critical reflection and self-analysis (Robbins & Barnwell, 2016).
CPEC may leads Pakistan to the China’s colony?
This section of the paper mainly focuses on the pivotal argument that CPEC may lead Pakistan to China’s colony, which is identical to the on-going criticism regarding china’s colonization plan for Pakistan through CPEC particularly, and BRI in general. In-fact, the foundation of CPEC is unlocked the door for pointless assumptions and pessimistic narrative for China competitors regionally and world-wide and stabbed to create a fear and misunderstanding among the BRI members states. One of the biggest myth propagated on CPEC is that Pakistan might become a colony or province of China. Historians and experts are well aware that colonialism and imperialism are legacies of countries of the global north. The prolonged history of China is free from invasion to other territories, and never harbored imperial structure (Iqbal, 2017d). Rationally, the skeptics point-out trade deficit with China as a reason to show concern on China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. For instance, Mourdoukoutas (2018) claimed in forbs that “One day, China will turn Pakistan into its own ‘Semi-colony’, as it did recently with Sri-Lanka.” He argued on the basis of current account deficit, government debt, and external debt. According to him, the current account deficit recorded $3867 million for Pakistan in the 4th quarter of 2017. The state current account averaged $-587.18 million from 1976 to 2017—the highest value of $1418 million recorded in the 3rd quarter and lowest value of $-4419 million in the 2nd quarter of 2017. Likewise, the state’s total government debt equivalent to 67.20 percent of the state GDP in 2017. Pakistan’s external debt raised to $88891 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 from $85052 million in the 3rd quarter of 2017. In the meantime, Pakistan’s foreign capital flows and foreign 2 Z. KHAN ET AL. currency reserves are dwindling, making it increase likely that Pakistan will ask to re-schedule its debt to China. May be, this debt would be transfer to equity, which in essence will handle CPEC to China. While taking CPEC into consideration, China has already invested about 20 percent of Pakistan’s total economy ($270 billion). However, by 2030 Pakistan would have to pay back $90 billion and this would be an additional burden (Sood, 2017). In addition, Mourdoukoutas compared CPEC project with Sri-Lankan Hambantota port where’s China rescheduled the Sri-Lankan debt, transferred the port officially into China’s port for 99 years lease. This lease agreement gives leverage to the Chinese officials and merchants and accounted for 70 percent stake in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) prominent station. The port development initiated with loans from China, nevertheless, Sri-Lanka could not pay-back and ultimately, China converted these loans into equity, in essence turning Sri-Lanka into a “semi-colony” dramatically (Mourdoukoutas, 2018). Likewise, Zumburn (2018) reported in Wall Street Journal that China gives huge loans to the developing countries and invest in BRI member states. However, some recipients are not in position to pay-back them. He also quoted the same instance of Sri-Lankan seaport and dubbed that China’s security ports are potentially strategic maritime trade routes. He also compared these types of loans with “Debt-trap Diplomacy” and corollaries that China could do it again. Indeed, Pak-China relationship is “all-weather friendship” but why relying too heavily on China, and placing of its much state economy in the hands of Chinese investors which resented by those who fear that the country will become a de-facto colony of China. Regarding trade- deficit issue, the respondent reaction is more substantial, as statement of Ahsan Iqbal (former federal minister) released by Pakistan Embassy Norway that China’s competitiveness in exports is universal and not distinct to Pakistan. Whereas, in depth analysis reveals the current trade deficit of China with Pakistan and other competitor states such as US and India provides an insight to debunk the false insight of colonialism. Pakistan’s current trade deficit with China is $6.2 billion. In comparison, The trade deficit of US with China marked a new record of $375.2 billion in 2017, raised from $347 billion in 2016, an increase of $28.2 billion which is equal to 8.1 percent, and India trade deficit stands at $47 billion (Iqbal, 2017b). However, the phenomenon makes an argument that if trade deficit becomes the cause of colonization; It gives birth to an argument that the US and India are tended to becoming colonies of China which can never be assumed. Likewise, it is bizarre to make such claims about the Pak-China relationship. Both countries respect the sovereignty of each other, and CPEC is based on the shared vision of both countries: BRI and vision 2025 (Iqbal, 2017b). Prior to the CPEC, Pakistan trade deficit with China was high if compares with the current trade deficit. Xia (2019) reported the statistics of State of Bank (SBP) that Pakistan’s trade deficit with China decreased to $5.48 billion (11-percent) during the last eight months from July 2018 to February 2019 as compared to trade deficit of $6.22 billion in the same period of preceding year. Correspondingly, the SBP data noted two key reasons for decreasing trade deficit of Pakistan with China, including an increase in Pakistani exports to China and a rapid drop in its imports from China. Where’s Pakistan exports to China increased by 3.8 percent to $1.15 billion as compare to the exports of $1.106 billion recorded from July 2017 to February 2018. Likewise, Pakistan’s imports from China also decreased by 9.43 percent to $6.63 billion from $7.32 billion in the same period. On annual basis, Pakistan’s imports from China dropped to $686.1 million in February 2019 against the imports worth of $786.6 million recorded during early months of the same period. The country’s export was increased when Pakistani’s premier Imran Khan shown his desire to increase the country’s overall annual exports to $27 billion from existing $23.4 billion. Kundi (2019) highlighted that Pakistan didn’t exploit well the Free Trade Agreement (FTA)-1 signed between China and Pakistan in 2006. However, the China-Pakistan Free trade Agreement (CPFTA) Phase-2 was resulted after the eleventh round of debate in April 2019, and was signed between the leadership of both countries. Pakistan also secured tariff relaxation and duty free market access for 313 tariff lines.
THE CHINESE ECONOMY 3:
Likewise, the critics of China’s overseas investments highlighted the case of the Sri- Lankan port of Hambantota—the previous Sri-Lankan president agreed to swap equity in the loss-making venture to China in exchange for debt forgiveness (Rafiq, 2017; Zumburn, 2018). The Sri-Lankan president Mahinda Rajapaka’s lend billions of dollars in loan from China government for infrastructure projects in his own constituency (Shah, 2016). The total national debt of Sri-Lanka is approximately $64.9 billion, of which $8 billion owed to China. Initially, he borrowed $301 million money from China with high interest rate of 6.3 percent, while the interest rate on soft loans from Asian Development Bank (ADB) and World Bank are available in the range of 0.25 to 3 percent. The previous government was more corrupt and due to weak governance system and dwindle economy, they didn’t pay back the due loans on time which ultimately transferred to the equity (Economic Times, 2017). In response, the Barry Sautman, a professor in the Division of Social Science at Hong Kong University of Science & Technology stated that false myth propagated by international media that Sri Lanka’s government was forced to sign a “lease contract” of Hambantota port for 99 years just after the failing to repay Chinese loans that were racking up 6.3 percent interest “are untrue”. He added more in his recent article published on the South China Morning Post (SCMP) that China hold an estimated 9 to 15 percent of Sri- Lanka external debt which is based on his team field research in Sri-Lanka. While remaining all high-interest loans from commercial banks, which are mainly Western based. International sovereign bonds hold about half of its external debt, with "Americans holding two-thirds of their value and Asians only about 8 percent." Likewise, Sri-Lanka must pay interest rate averaging 6.3 percent on international loans within 7 years. On the contrary, more than 2–3rd of the value of Chinese financing to Sri-Lanka from 2001 to 2007, including 2–3rd to Hambantota port, bear only 2 percent of interest, and mostly repayable more than 20 years, he argued. "Ironically then, if Sri Lanka is debt distressed, it owes more to American and other Western entities than to Chinese," (MOFCOM, 2019). Nevertheless, the borrowing of money, lease or interest base systems exist world-wide. Likewise, IMF and other international financial institutions are also providing high interest- based loans to the developing and smaller nations which ultimately leads to the debt trap (Shah, 2016). Secondly, few of critics claimed that China’s increasing population in Pakistan is an alarming situation for the country and compared it with colonial structure. For instance, Chaudhury (2018) reported in Economic Times that under the CPEC project, China is going to construct a modern city for 5,00,000 Chinese nationals at a cost of $150 million in Gwadar region. Half a million Chinese nationals will be housed in proposed city of Gwadar by 2022. In-fact, these nationals are workforce for the financial district of Gwadar. This zone will be specified merely for Chinese citizens, which basically means that Pakistan will be used as a colony of China. Iqbal (2017d) responded immediately that only few thousand of Chinese nationals are living in Pakistan and making a positive contribution to country’s economy. Most of them are labor migrants who will leave back to China after completion of the projects. In contrary, approximately 8 million Chinese are living in Malaysia, 900,000 in Canada, 600,000 in Japan and 400,000 in France and more than 2.5 million are living in the United States. In that circumstances, to claims that Chinese nationals are surpassing Pakistani society is simply a bluffing while nothing to do with reality. Thirdly, critics argued that the on-going CPEC development project is a new model of East India Company (EIC) which leads Pakistan to the China’s colony. This issue sparked when the former senator Tahir Mashhadi voiced against exorbitant loans and power tariffs demand according to the Beijing interest (Shah, 2016). It’s really a shabby and hyperbole approach of copious critics to compare age of imperialism with current globalization era and modern international political system which is based on the notion of nation-state. This is not an age of imperialism or radical type of colonization. If we recalled the history of colonization, when the British colonized sub-continent in the mid of 19th century, that was a true model of “Empire-state” system 4 Z. KHAN ET AL. worldwide (Rothermund, 2006). There is a zilch matching between both the cases. The primarily intention of EIC was doing trade in subcontinent which ultimately shifted to the power under three diverse components: The first component was the economic, political and social environment which shaped the company’s internal state; the second was the decision-making part which was a controlling mechanism; and the third was the operational part which dealt with the actual physical aspects of trade. Besides, there were no proper ingress and trade policies, and lack of governance system to ensure check and balance which ultimately overthrew the local rule by brutal use of British force (Chaudhuri, 1978). As the distinguished British historian Darymple noted that the most crucial part of EIC colonization was that they had private army of about 260,000—twice of the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of 225.3 million and expenses 234.5 million (Dalrymple, 2015). Likewise, with an end of colonization era, all the empires segregated into numerous independent states and republics with demarcated boundaries and specific constitution, and at present, they can demonstrate well to protect their territorial integrity and sovereignty with all possible means. In South Asian region, Afghanistan is the most recent example of it, where’s the US susceptible to establish US-led government and hegemonic power throughout of Afghanistan. In-spite of that the present leadership of US is seeking a safe way for an esteem exit from Afghanistan (Hussain, 2019). Nonetheless, there is a huge disparity between EIC and CPEC. In case of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, China respect Pakistan’s sovereignty and integrity—both the countries enjoy a long testified friendship based on mutual trust, cooperation and admiration (Shah, 2016). Moreover, the government of Pakistan setup Special Security Division (SSD) for the security of project with a total strength of 13,700 armed forces (nine regular military battalions and six Paramilitary wings) which are quite enough to protect this project from internal and external security threats (Xuequan, 2017). Similarly, Board of Investment (BOI) mandate under the government of Pakistan encompasses policy reforms to update their trade policies and regulatory framework, signed MOUs and bi-lateral investment treaties, provisions of contract and partnership Acts, the security clearance for work visas, handling entry permits, policy for opening of liaison or branch offices, lease system, introduced legal framework for investment and establishment of special economic zones through industrial clusterization (Board of Investment, 2018). Regardless, several critics arguing that CPEC project is a “debt-trap” for Pakistan which leads Pakistan to the worst economic situation, as Noor Ahmed, secretary of the Economic Affairs Division of Pakistan (EADP) responded that the Pakistan’s total foreign debt is about $106 billion. Of which, Chinese loans account for only 10 to 11 percent, while the remaining are from the International Monetary Fund, Paris Club, and other Western organizations. He added more that China always supported Pakistan during tough economic crises. Through the establishment of CPEC, China is building infrastructure in Pakistan to save its dwindling economy, and some of its money coming into Pakistan are purely an investment, some are interest-free loans, and other loans are based on friendly terms (MOFCOM, 2019).
Is CPEC a debt trap project for Pakistan?
With the speedy advancement through CPEC in Pakistan, several domestic and international criticism appeared against the project and termed the multi-billion dollar project as a “debt-trap” for Pakistan, and presumed that it would be double burden on Pakistan’s economy (Malik, 2019). Although, CPEC is a development project and it has a huge potential to transform the socio-economic makeup of Pakistan. Nevertheless, copious heckler worried that it would lead to the debt-trap, and making Pakistan a colony of China. Correspondingly, a Pakistani prominent economist, Hafeez Pasha highlighted a serious concern over Pakistan potential to service the growing debt. He has already calculated that the debt to GDP ratio goes higher from 70 percent to 90 percent, which is a challenging issue for country economy (Khalik, 2018). Likewise, Page and Shah (2018) THE CHINESE ECONOMY 5 reported in Wall Street Journal that there are skepticism's regarding government forecasts that China-Pakistan Economic Corridor will increase economic growth from 5.8 percent to 7 percent by 2023, letting Pakistan to service its debt. It was also highlighted in March IMF report that Pakistan’s rising current account deficit and external debt obligations partly on CPEC, and predicated growth would flat-line at 5 percent until 2023. Therefore, “the new regime of Pakistan will have to do some adjustment, with us or without us,” said by Teresa Daban, the IMF representative in Pakistan. Regardless, this plan is also considered as a model of Debt Trap Diplomacy (DTD), claimed by an Indian strategist,Brahma Chellaney*. He noted that China is assisting small and developing countries with high interest loans which are unable to pay for them, and ultimately undermine those countries sovereignty. His view reflects an Indo-American consensus, as suggested by Tillerson’s reference to “predatory economics” (Chellaney, 2017). He added more in project syndicate that China is offering infrastructure financing and loans for unstable projects to protect Beijing access to the local markets or resources, rather than to lift domestic economies, and ultimately these countries plunge into a debt-trap plan that leaves them vulnerable to China’s influence.* Chellaney recalled a recent example of Sri-Lanka’s port that Chinese loans were transformed into equity, and ultimately “sea-port” handed over to a Chinese state run company for 99 year lease. Correspondingly, Chaudhury (2017) highlighted in the Economic Times that gradually, these debts are converting into equity, and at the end ownership goes to the Chinese companies that will not just adversely affect on Pakistan and Sri-Lankan economies but also create security implications for India due to China’s steady position in the periphery. This has key lesson for Bangladesh and Nepal where China has guaranteed to invest billions. China has projected a master plan for Pakistan’s economic transformation under China-Pakistan Economic Corridor which is only a strategic plan for China’s colonial control of Pakistan. Beijing paid heavy loans from the Chinese banks at high interest rates to finance the project, and some of the critics presumed that Pakistan would take nearly 40 years to pay back these loans.The Beijing funding for Pakistan is actually a “debt-trap” plan which would take control of country’s economic and strategic sectors. He added more that CPEC is a China project, and Pakistan is the only topographical part of it. Cynical it is, then, Pakistan had already fought against formal communist regime known as “Soviet Union” to control it gaining access to the warm waters, nevertheless, another former communist country is easily permitted for the same access. Additionally, it is undeniable that Pakistan has no benefit from China’s investment, obviously it has, as an estimate shared by Pakistan’s Business Council (PBC) suggest the “project could account for 20 percent of the GDP over the next five years and increase growth by 3 percent. Nevertheless, frequent onlookers prudence Pakistan after how Beijing terms and investment turned bitter in Sri-Lanka, Tajikistan and several parts of the Africa. In both Sri-Lanka and Tajikistan cases, with mounting costs and debts incurred by the host countries, bulky parts of land were handed over to the Chinese companies in lieu of loans and unpaid funds. It is predictable that Tajikistan had to relinquish one percent of its country to China since they were unable to re-pay loans. Therefore, Ziadi noted that there are still worries that Pakistan would become another province of China, or will be reduced to being a “vassal state” (Chaudhury, 2017; Zaidi, 2017). In-fact, the “debt-trap” issue sparked at a time when China-Pakistan Economic Corridor has addressed the critical bottlenecks in energy and infrastructure, and both nations have agreed to deepen the base of this initiative (Assadi, 2018). These criticisms were rejected by respondents’ with more rational responses. For instance, the former federal minister, Ahsan Iqbal responded sound to the Pasha argument that even in coming five years, debt ratio will come down from 64 percent. Nevertheless, the borrowing of money does not entail the impression that country will turn into the debt-trap whilst it depends on figuring-out whether the debt is a productive borrowing or un-productive. In doing so, the debts can improve infrastructure of a country and its growth rate, which will help to improve the capacity of the state economy to make it more stable. 6 Z. KHAN ET AL. Whatever, the liabilities Pakistan has, they are well in capacity of Pakistan to pay-back. But unfortunately, there are several so-called politicians and economic analysts who are always seeking flaws in the entire project of CPEC. They are trying to construct a “negative narrative” which sometimes gives undue worries to the people of Pakistan that the GDP ratio of Pakistan was going out of control. In 2013, it was 63 percent and the same figure in 2016 as well. But, we are trying to bring it down. Therefore, debt trap issue has no possibility in near future, and the government has a potential to deal with it (Iqbal, 2017b). Moreover, the former advisor to PM, Sartaj Aziz ensured that the CPEC loans for infrastructure are at the rate of 2 percent interest (Concessional-based, nor commercial one), and the payback time is 20 to 25 years. He emphasized the point that most of this outlay is in the form of investment. CPEC loans for infrastructure are on soft-loan basis at the rate of approximately 2 percent and the payback time is 20 to 25 years. Overall investment to GDP ratio will increase due to the CPEC projects.” He added more, "we have achieved 4.5 percent GDP growth this year, which can increase more by overcoming energy shortages. In this regard, energy-related projects in the CPEC can prove to be very helpful. Thus, overcoming the energy shortages will also increase our GDP growth rate, which is expected to increase to 5 percent this year” (Aziz, 2016; Butt, 2016). Likewise, the Page and Shah criticism on CPEC and BRI in Wall Street Journal is purely based on “redundant sources,” and shows an anti-Beijing narrative. Both the countries officially reacted to theses baseless allegations. As per statistical data of Pakistani ministry of Finance, 42 percent of the external debt was taken from multi-lateral financial institution, 18 percent from the Paris club. correspondingly, the loans received under the CPEC project accounts to only 10 percent of the total external debt, and it also offers the lower interest rate on concessional-base rather than commercial one (Assadi, 2018). The same statistics were also released by the Chinese embassy in Islamabad, and rejected misinformation’s of the assumed “debt trap” for Pakistan regarding CPEC framework. In the same way, the Chinese Foreign Minister, Wang Yi also clarified the figures about debts during his visit to Pakistan by stating that "47 percent of Pakistan’s debt related to the IMF and the Asian Development Bank.” Additionally, Noor Ahmed, secretary of the Economic Affairs Division of Pakistan (EAPD) interviewed to the Xinhua that Pakistan’s overall foreign debt is approximately US$106 billion and Chinese loan accounts for a mere 10 to 11 percent of the total foreign debt, where’s the remaining 89 to 90 percent is from other sources such as International Monetary Fund (IMF), Paris Club, and other western organizations (Malik,2019). Certainly, the leadership of Pakistan is highly committed to pursuing the strategic and economic relationship with China to new heights. Pakistan has already proved that only 6$billion received as a concessional loan under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor with an interest rate of 2.29 percent along with the grace period of 7 years and a re-payment period of 20 to 25 years. However officials clarified that the debt re-payment will begin in 2021 with an estimated amount of 300–400 million annually and slowly peak to approximately 3.5 billion by fiscal year 2024–25 (Assadi, 2018). Secondly, criticism is mainly based on the issue of Sri-Lankan sea-port known as “Hambantota International Port.” The former government of the Sri-Lanka didn’t pay back on due time, and ultimately loans were converted into equity. In response to the criticism, Barry Sautman, professor at HKUST stated that western media is propagating false myths against China, and reported that Sri Lankan government was forced to sign a “lease-contract” of Hambantota port for 99 years just after the failing to repay Chinese loans. He said, “China hold about 9 to 15 percent of Sri-Lanka external debt which is based on his team field research in Sri-Lanka. The remaining all high interest loans from commercial banks which are mainly western based. Ironically then, if Sri-Lanka is debt distressed, it owes more to American and other Western entities than to Chinese.” In reality, Chinese infrastructure loans have no intention to get a hold on valuable assets of any country or undermine its sovereignty. There is no Chinese plot to control the world (MOFCOM,2019). Likewise, Deborah Brautigam, an expert on China-Africa relations at John Hopkins THE CHINESE ECONOMY 7 University, rejected openly such allegations in her article published by “New York Time” on April 26. She stated that “found feeble evidence of a pattern signifying that Chinese banks are intentionally funding loss-making projects to obtain strategic advantages for China.” The Sri-Lankan port is often referred by critics, but “that’s a special case, and it is extensively misunderstood,” she wrote. Her research conducted byChina-Africa Research Initiative at the SIAS*, which include information’s on* more than 1,000 Chinese loans in Africa between 2000 and 2017, totaling more than $143 billion, as well as a study by Boston University’s Global Development Policy Center which has identified and tracked more than $140 billion in Chinese loans to Latin America and the Caribbean since 2005.This research based on the findings, she concluded that “the risks of the BRI are often hyperbole and mischaracterized.” In-fact, the Belt and Road Initiative is a plan of “mutual connectivity and mutual communications” (Soong, 2016). Apart from, Rhodium Group (RG), a New York based independent research group, published a report on April 29, also rebuffed the debt-trap allegations against China. RG report is also based on 40 cases of external debt renegotiation between 2007 and present year in 24 countries, it was assessed in report that assets grab was a rare case. “China was obviously tending to re-negotiate the debts.” Another former U.S. official for China during Obama administration, Ryan Hass, and also a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution stated “much of the U.S. government’s narrative on the BRI has been built around debt-trap diplomacy”. He realized a fear that the U.S. government is making an argument that is more persuasive to itself than to others (MOFCOM, 2019). Correspondingly, an Egyptian economist, Hisham Abu Bakar Metwally serving with the Egyptian Ministry of Foreign Trade and Industry, stated that criticisms are mostly twisting around “debt-trap” in African countries, including Ethopia and Kenya. However, the reality is quite clear to all that these developing countries highly need of developing infrastructure such as roads, railways and bridges which could improve their economic development. Therefore, BRI program (formerly known as OBOR) is a new reality for the world to overcome the major problems and achieve development for all (Chenyang & Shaojun, 2018). The best example of development in Africa is Ethiopia, which annual GDP growth rate is about 7 percent. In the same way, Xu Haoliang, Assistant Secretary General of the United Nations, stated that the belt and road initiative is a worldwide program that has the potential to make possible the achievement of sustainable development goals. Noticeably, it can also fill in the financing gaps and development needs in developing countries with loans and investment from China and other countries (Assadi, 2018;MOFCOM, 2019). [Note: The Max Lines on This Post is 4000 only allowed hence I'm breaking it up into Two Parts So this will be our Part 1] The Part 2 Post: https://www.reddit.com/pakistan/comments/jxgqpf/debunking_of_the_debttrap_propaganda_part_2/
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